TAKAITACCE DA BAYANIN GWAJI
Chikungunya cuta ce mai saurin kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar cizon sauro mai cutar Aedes aegypti.Yana da kurji, zazzabi, da ciwon haɗin gwiwa mai tsanani (arthralgias) wanda yawanci yakan wuce kwanaki uku zuwa bakwai.Sunan ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Makonde mai ma'ana "abin da ya tanƙwara" dangane da yanayin da ya ɓullo da shi sakamakon alamun cututtukan arthritic na cutar.Yana faruwa a lokacin damina a wurare masu zafi na duniya, musamman a Afirka, Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya, kudancin Indiya da Pakistan.Alamun yawanci yawanci nau'i ne na asibiti wanda ba a iya bambancewa waɗanda aka gani a zazzabin dengue.Lallai, an sami rahoton kamuwa da cuta guda biyu na dengue da chikungunya a Indiya.Ba kamar dengue ba, bayyanar cututtukan jini ba su da yawa kuma galibi cutar cuta ce mai iyakance kanta.Don haka yana da mahimmanci a asibiti don bambance dengue daga kamuwa da cutar CHIK.An gano cutar CHIK bisa binciken serological da keɓewar ƙwayar cuta a cikin beraye ko al'adun nama.IgM immunoassay ita ce hanya mafi amfani da gwajin gwaji.Gwajin gaggawa na Chikungunya IgG/IgM yana amfani da antigens na sake haduwa da aka samo daga sunadarin tsarin sa, yana gano IgG/IgM anti-CHIK a cikin jini ko jini cikin jini cikin mintuna 20.Za a iya yin gwajin ta marasa horo ko
ƙwararrun ma'aikata kaɗan, ba tare da ƙaƙƙarfan kayan aikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ba.
KA'IDA
Gwajin gaggawa na Chikungunya IgG/IgM shine gwajin rigakafi na chromatographic na gefe.Kaset ɗin gwajin ya ƙunshi: 1) wani kushin conjugate mai launin burgundy mai ɗauke da Chikungunya recombinant envelope antigens wanda aka haɗa tare da zinare na colloid (dengue conjugates) da zomo IgG-gold conjugates,2) wani nitrocellulose membrane tsiri mai ɗauke da bandejin gwaji guda biyu (G da M bands) da band ɗin sarrafawa.An riga an yi wa rukunin G band ɗin rigar riga-kafi don gano ƙwayar cuta ta IgG anti-Chikungunya, M band ɗin kuma an lulluɓe shi da maganin rigakafi don gano cutar IgM anti-Chikungunya, kuma rukunin C an riga an sanya shi da rigar akuya ta zomo IgG.
Lokacin da aka ba da isasshen adadin samfurin gwaji a cikin rijiyar samfurin kaset ɗin, samfurin yana ƙaura ta hanyar aikin capillary a cikin kaset ɗin.IgG anti-Chikungunya kwayar cutar idan akwai a cikin samfurin za ta daure da Chikungunya conjugates.Ba za a iya amfani da reagents na lambobin batch daban-daban ba tare da musanya ba. Ana ɗaukar immunocomplex ta reagent ɗin da aka lulluɓe akan band ɗin G, yana samar da band ɗin G mai launin burgundy, yana nuna sakamakon gwajin cutar Chikungunya IgG kuma yana ba da shawarar kamuwa da cuta kwanan nan ko maimaitawa.Kwayar cutar IgM anti-Chikungunya, idan akwai a cikin samfurin, za ta ɗaure da haɗin gwiwar Chikungunya.Sa'an nan aka kama immunocomplex ta reagent riga mai rufi a kan M band, samar da wani burgundy launi M band, nuna wani Chikungunya cutar IgM tabbatacce sakamakon gwajin da kuma bayar da shawarar wani sabon kamuwa da cuta.Rashin kowane nau'i na gwaji (G da M) yana nuna sakamako mara kyau. Gwajin ya ƙunshi iko na ciki (C band) wanda ya kamata ya nuna nau'in launi na burgundy na immunocomplex na goat anti rabbit IgG / rabbit IgG-gold conjugate ba tare da la'akari da ci gaban launi akan kowane nau'in T ba.In ba haka ba, sakamakon gwajin ba shi da inganci kuma dole ne a sake gwada samfurin da wata na'ura.
